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泸州市城市建设档案管理办法

四川省泸州市人民政府


泸州市城市建设档案管理办法
作者:佚名 文章来源:本站原创 点击数: 更新时间:2007-2-12

泸州市人民政府令

第50号

  《泸州市城市建设档案管理办法》已经2007年1月24日市政府第39次常务会议讨论通过,现予以发布,自发布之日起施行。

                                  市长 朱以庄
                                 二○○七年二月二日


泸州市城市建设档案管理办法

  第一条为了加强我市城市建设档案(以下简称城建档案)管理工作,充分发挥城建档案在我市规划、建设、管理中的作用,根据《中华人民共和国档案法》、《中华人民共和国城市规划法》、《建设工程质量管理条例》、《科学技术档案工作条例》和建设部《城市建设档案管理规定》,特制定本办法。
  第二条本办法适用于我市城市规划区范围内(包括城市规划区范围内各类开发区)的城建档案的管理。
本办法所称城建档案,是指在城市规划、建设及其管理活动中直接形成的对国家和社会具有保存价值的历史记录。
  第三条泸州市规划建设局负责本市城市规划区主城区范围内(含三区)城建档案管理工作。泸州市城建档案馆受市规划建设局委托负责承办市城市规划区范围城建档案管理的具体工作,业务上受市档案局的监督、指导。
  各县建设行政主管部门负责本行政区域内城建档案管理工作,业务上受各县档案局的监督、指导。
  第四条城建档案馆的建设资金按照国家或者地方的有关规定,采取多种渠道解决。城建档案馆的设计应当符合档案馆建筑设计规范要求。城建档案的管理应当逐步采用新技术,实现管理现代化。
  第五条城建档案馆重点管理下列档案资料:
  (一)各类城市建设工程档案:
  1工业、民用建筑工程;
  2市政基础设施工程;
  3公用基础设施工程;
  4交通基础设施工程;
  5园林建设、风景名胜建设工程;
  6市容环境卫生设施建设工程;
  7城市防洪、抗震、人防工程;
  8军事工程档案资料中,除军事禁区和军事管理区以外的穿越市区的地下管线走向和有关隐蔽工程的位置图。
  (二)建设系统各专业管理部门(包括城市规划、勘测、设计、施工、监理、园林、风景名胜、环卫、市政公用、房地产管理、人防等部门)形成的业务管理和业务技术档案。
  (三)有关城市规划、建设及其管理的方针、政策、法规、计划等方面的文件、科学研究成果和城市历史、自然、经济等方面的基础资料。
  房地产权属档案的管理,另行规定。
  第六条泸州市重要的城建档案采用复制多套分散保存的保管方法,以保证在非常情况下城建档案的安全和提供利用。凡在市、县城市规划区范围内进行建设的各机关、部队、学校、团体、企事业单位等,都应按照本办法,管理好本单位形成的城建档案,并按本办法的规定向市、县城建档案馆(室)报送城建档案。
报送市、县城建档案馆(室)的工程档案应为原件。
  第七条建设、设计、施工单位和主管部门,应根据《城市建设档案管理规定》和中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T50328-2001-《建设工程文件归档整理规范》)的要求,做好竣工图的编制、收集、整理工作。
  第八条建设单位应当在工程竣工验收后三个月内,向城建档案馆(室)报送一套符合规定的建设工程档案。重点工程档案还应同时向市或县综合档案馆报送一套符合规定的建设工程档案。
  凡建设工程档案不齐全的,应当限期补充。
  停建、缓建工程的档案,暂由建设单位保管。
  撤销单位的建设工程档案,应向上级主管机关或城建档案馆移交。
  第九条已建的各种管线、重要建筑物、构筑物,凡无现状图或竣工图不完整、不准确的,各工程设施管理或使用单位,应尽快进行补测、补绘,完善后向市城建档案馆移交。
  第十条对改建、扩建和重要部位维修的工程,建设单位应当组织设计、施工单位据实修改、补充和完善原建设工程档案。凡结构和平面布置等改变的,应当重新编制建设工程档案,并在工程竣工后三个月内向城建档案馆报送。
  第十一条列入城建档案馆档案接收范围的工程,建设单位在组织竣工验收前,应当提请城建档案管理机构对工程档案进行预验收。预验收合格后,由城建档案管理机构出具工程档案认可文件。
对重大建设项目档案的验收,按国家档案局、国家发展和改革委员会联合发布的《重大建设项目档案验收办法》执行。
  第十二条建设单位在取得工程档案认可文件后,应当组织工程竣工验收。建设行政主管部门在办理竣工验收备案时,应当查验工程档案认可文件。
  第十三条城建档案馆对接收的档案应当及时登记、整理、编制检索工具。做好档案的保管、保护工作,对破损或者变质的档案应当及时抢救。特别重要的城建档案应当采取有效措施,确保其安全无损。
城建档案馆应当积极开发档案信息资源,并按照国家的有关规定,向社会提供服务。
  第十四条市、县城建档案馆和形成城建档案的单位,应建立、健全档案管理制度,做到管理科学,分类合理,排列有序,方便利用,严格执行国家保密规定,防止档案散失、泄密。
凡涉及军事机密和其它保密的工程档案,应按照国家保密规定进行保管和利用。
  第十五条凡建设系统各专业管理部门业务管理及业务技术档案,具有永久保存价值的,在本单位保管使用一至五年后,按本办法全部向城建档案馆移交。有长期保存价值的档案,由城建档案馆根据城市建设的需要选择接收。
城市地下管线普查和补测补绘形成的地下管线档案应当在普查、测绘结束后三个月内接收进馆。地下管线专业管理单位每年应当向城建档案馆报送更改、报废、漏测部份的管线现状图和资料。
  第十六条建设行政主管部门对在城建档案工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人,应当给予表彰和奖励。
  第十七条有下列行为之一的,对直接负责的主管人员或者其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法追究刑事责任:
  (一)无故延期或者不按照规定归档报送的;
  (二)涂改、伪造档案的;
  (三)档案工作人员玩忽职守造成档案损失的。
  第十八条建设工程竣工验收后,建设单位未按照本办法移交建设工程档案的,依照《建设工程质量管理条例》第五十九条的规定处罚。
  第十九条本办法自颁布之日起施行。原《泸州市城市建设档案管理暂行办法》同时废止。


江西省城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理规定

江西省人民政府


江西省城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理规定(附:英文译本)

文号:江西省人民政府令 第167号

  《江西省城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理规定》已经2008年2月23日省人民政府第1次常务会议审议通过,现予公布,自2008年4月1日起施行。
  
  省长 吴新雄
  
  二○○八年三月二十二日
  
  江西省城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理规定
  
  第一条为了做好城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理工作,保障其基本生活权益,完善社会救助制度,根据国务院《城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法》的规定,结合本省实际,制定本规定。
  
  第二条本规定所称城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员(以下简称流浪乞讨人员),是指因自身无力解决食宿,无亲友投靠,正在城市流浪乞讨度日的人员。
  
  虽有流浪乞讨行为,但不具备前款规定情形的,不属于救助对象。
  
  第三条县级以上人民政府应当加强对流浪乞讨人员救助工作的领导,建立健全救助工作协调机制,采取积极措施,依法及时救助流浪乞讨人员,并将救助工作所需经费列入财政预算,予以保障。
  
  政府鼓励、支持社会组织和个人救助流浪乞讨人员。社会组织和个人捐赠财产用于救助工作的,依法享受有关税收优惠。
  
  第四条县级以上城市人民政府应当根据需要设立流浪乞讨人员救助站,并在救助站内设置未成年人生活区;有条件的,可以设立流浪未成年人救助保护机构;不设救助站的地方,应当有专人负责救助工作。
  
  救助站应当设置在交通便利、容易查找和远离危险的区域,并配备符合救助工作需要的设施、设备和人员。
  
  第五条救助站对流浪乞讨人员的救助是一项临时性社会救助措施,遵循自愿、无偿的原则,但对无民事行为能力和限制民事行为能力的流浪乞讨人员,应当主动实施救助。
  
  第六条县级以上人民政府民政部门负责本行政区域内流浪乞讨人员的救助工作。设立救助站的人民政府民政部门还应当履行下列职责:
  
  (一)指导、监督救助站贯彻执行有关救助工作的法律、法规、规章和政策;
  
  (二)对救助站工作人员进行教育、培训;
  
  (三)调查、处理救助站及其工作人员违法违纪问题;
  
  (四)协调救助站与其他部门、单位的工作,帮助解决救助工作中的困难和问题;
  
  (五)依法应当履行的其他职责。
  
  第七条县级以上人民政府有关部门按照下列规定履行对流浪乞讨人员的救助职责:
  
  (一)公安、城管和其他有关行政机关对发现的流浪乞讨人员,应当告知其向救助站求助;对其中的残疾人、未成年人、老年人和行动不便的其他人员,应当引导、护送到救助站;对其中的危重病人、精神病人,应当送当地卫生部门确定的定点医疗机构救治或者通知当地急救中心送定点医疗机构救治,并告知当地民政部门或者救助站。对反复纠缠、强行讨要或者以其他滋扰他人的方式乞讨的行为,公安机关应当教育、劝阻。
  
  (二)财政部门负责流浪乞讨人员救助工作经费的落实,并根据当年救助工作实际情况予以调整,同时依法对救助经费的使用情况进行监督。
  
  (三)卫生部门负责确定救治流浪乞讨人员的定点医疗机构,并指导其做好对流浪乞讨人员的救治工作。
  
  (四)交通、铁道等部门应当对救助站或者民政部门为流浪乞讨人员购买乘车(船)凭证,接送流浪乞讨人员进出站提供方便。
  
  (五)发展改革、教育、劳动保障、司法行政和残联等有关部门和单位应当在各自的职责范围内,做好与流浪乞讨人员救助相关的工作。
  
  第八条城区街道办事处、社区居委会的工作人员发现本辖区内有流浪乞讨人员的,应当告知或者引导其前往救助站求助。
  
  第九条码头、车站及流浪乞讨人员活动较多的其他公共场所的管理单位,应当协助救助站在显著位置设置引导牌,标明救助站所在位置及联系电话。救助站对外公开的联系电话应当每天24小时有人接听。
  
  第十条流浪乞讨人员向救助站求助时,应当如实提供本人下列情况:
  
  
  (一)姓名、年龄、本人户籍所在地、住所地;
  
  
  (二)流浪乞讨的原因、时间、经过;
  
  
  (三)近亲属或者其他关系密切亲属的姓名、住址、联系方式;
  
  
  (四)随身携带的物品。
  
  
  对因年老、年幼、残疾等原因无法提供个人情况的,救助站应当先提供救助,再查明情况。
  
  对拒不提供或者不如实提供个人情况的,不予救助。
  
  第十一条救助站应当向求助人员告知救助对象的范围和实施救助的内容,询问与求助需求有关的情况,并对其个人情况予以登记。
  
  对经甄别符合救助条件的求助人员,应当办理入站手续。求助人员随身携带的物品除生活必需品外均由救助站代为保管,离站时归还;对求助人员随身携带的爆炸性、毒害性、放射性、腐蚀性等危险物质或者管制器具、违禁出版物等,救助站应当及时移交有关部门处理。
  
  对经甄别不符合救助条件的求助人员,应当向其说明原因,出具《不予救助通知书》。
  
  第十二条救助站应当根据受助人员的需要提供下列救助:
  
  (一)提供符合食品卫生要求的食物;
  
  (二)提供符合安全卫生基本条件的住处;
  
  (三)对在救助站内突发急病的,及时送定点医疗机构救治;
  
  (四)与其亲属或者所在单位联系;
  
  (五)对没有交通费返回其住所地或者所在单位的,提供乘车(船)凭证。

  
  救助站为受助人员提供的住处,应当按性别分室住宿,老年人、儿童应当与其他受助人员分室住宿,一般实行单人单铺。女性受助人员应当由女性工作人员管理。
  
  对受助人员中的残疾人、未成年人、老年人、孕妇,应当在生活上给予照顾,并给予必要的保护。

  
  第十三条救助站应当根据受助人员的情况确定救助期限,一般不超过10天。有下列情形之一的,报主管民政部门备案后,可以适当延长救助期限:
  
  (一)等待亲属、所在单位或者户籍所在地、住所地民政部门、救助站接回的;
  
  (二)正在接受治疗的;
  
  (三)等待安置的。
  
  第十四条受助人员应当遵守救助站的各项管理制度,服从工作人员的管理,不得有下列行为:
  
  (一)殴打、辱骂救助站工作人员和其他受助人员,无理取闹,扰乱救助管理秩序;

  
  (二)破坏救助设施、设备,损毁、盗窃公私财物;

  
  (三)携带并私藏爆炸性、毒害性、放射性、腐蚀性等危险物质或者管制器具、违禁出版物;

  

  (四)在救助站内酗酒,从事吸毒、赌博等违法犯罪活动;

  

  (五)法律、法规、规章禁止的其他行为。
  
  对受助人员违反前款规定的行为,救助站工作人员应当及时制止;受助人员有违反治安管理行为或者犯罪嫌疑的,救助站应当及时报请公安机关依法处理。
  
  第十五条救助站应当根据受助人员的不同情况,分别作出下列处理:

  (一)能够自行返回的,由救助站提供乘车(船)凭证返回。
  
  (二)对受助的残疾人、未成年人、老年人或者其他行动不便的人员,通知其亲属或者所在单位接回;亲属或者所在单位拒不接回的,省内的由流入地民政部门通知流出地民政部门接回,送其亲属或者所在单位;跨省的由省民政部门通知流出地省(自治区、直辖市)民政部门接回,送其亲属或者所在单位。
  
  (三)对无法查明其亲属或者所在单位,但可以查明其户籍所在地、住所地的受助残疾人、未成年人、老年人及其他行动不便的人员,省内的由流入地民政部门通知流出地民政部门接回,送户籍所在地、住所地安置;跨省的由省民政部门通知流出地省(自治区、直辖市)民政部门接回,送户籍所在地、住所地安置。
  
  (四)对因年老、年幼或者残疾无法认知自己行为、无表达能力,而无法查明其亲属或者所在单位,也无法查明其户籍所在地或者住所地的,由救助站的主管民政部门提出安置方案,报本级人民政府批准后给予安置。
  
  第十六条受助人员有下列情形之一的,救助站应当终止救助:
  
  (一)故意提供虚假个人情况,骗取救助的;
  
  (二)违反本规定第十四条第一款规定,严重扰乱救助管理秩序的;
  
  (三)救助站已按照前条规定,对受助人员作出相应处理的;
  
  (四)救助期限届满,无正当理由不愿离站的;
  
  (五)法律、法规、规章规定应当终止救助的其他情形。
  
  救助站对受助人员依法终止救助的,应当向其说明原因,出具《终止救助通知书》,并办理离站手续。
  
  第十七条受助人员自愿放弃救助离开救助站的,应当事先告知,救助站不得限制。
  
  无民事行为能力和限制民事行为能力的受助人员离开救助站的,须经救助站同意。
  
  受助人员擅自离开救助站的,视为放弃救助。
  
  第十八条对受助期间死亡的受助人员,救助站应当及时报告当地公安机关,由司法鉴定机构或者医疗机构出具死亡证明文件,并及时通知死者亲属或者所在单位;无法查明死者真实情况的,救助站应当及时报告主管民政部门,由民政部门按照殡葬管理的有关规定做好善后工作。
  
  第十九条受助人员户籍所在地、住所地的乡镇、县级人民政府应当帮助返回的受助人员解决生产、生活困难,避免其再次外出流浪乞讨;对确实无家可归的残疾人、未成年人、老年人应当给予安置。
  
  受助残疾人、未成年人、老年人的近亲属或者其他监护人应当主动履行抚养、赡养义务;对遗弃残疾人、未成年人、老年人的近亲属或者其他监护人,受助人员户籍所在地、住所地的乡镇、县级人民政府应当教育其履行抚养、赡养义务。
  
  第二十条救助站应当建立健全岗位责任制、安全责任制、工作人员行为规范等各项管理制度,实行规范化管理,并严格执行财务、捐赠等方面的规定。
  
  救助站应当定期组织工作人员参加业务培训,定期组织工作人员进行健康检查。
  
  第二十一条救助站应当如实记载受助人员入站、离站、获得救助的情况等内容,建立救助档案,并妥善保管。有条件的,应当通过信息化手段管理救助档案。
  
  第二十二条救助站应当建立健全与公安、城管、定点医疗机构等有关部门和单位的协作、配合机制,并加强救助信息沟通,建立救助信息网络系统。
  
  救助站应当建立对食物中毒事件、群体性事件、火灾事故等突发事件的处置机制,制定应急预案并定期组织演练。
  
  第二十三条救助工作人员应当具有承担救助工作的相应能力,增强法制观念和服务意识,并遵守下列规定:
  
  (一)不准拘禁或者变相拘禁受助人员;
  
  (二)不准打骂、体罚或者虐待受助人员;
  
  (三)不准敲诈、勒索、侵吞受助人员的财物;
  
  (四)不准克扣受助人员的生活供应品;
  
  (五)不准扣压受助人员的证件、申诉控告材料;
  
  (六)不准任用受助人员担任管理工作;
  
  (七)不准使用受助人员为工作人员干私活;
  
  (八)不准在工作期间饮酒;
  
  (九)不准调戏妇女。
  
  违反前款规定的,依法给予处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
  
  第二十四条救助站应当在显著位置设立投诉箱,并公告主管民政部门的投诉电话,接受社会监督。
  
  救助站不依法履行救助职责的,求助人员可以向主管民政部门举报;民政部门经查证属实的,应当责令救助站及时提供救助,并对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。
  
  第二十五条主管民政部门不及时受理求助人员举报,不及时责令救助站履行职责,或者对应当安置的受助人员不报请当地人民政府予以安置的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。
  
  第二十六条对有胁迫、诱骗或者利用他人乞讨,反复纠缠、强行讨要或者以其他滋扰他人的方式乞讨等违反治安管理行为的,由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚;以暴力、胁迫手段组织残疾人或者不满十四周岁的未成年人乞讨的,依法追究刑事责任。
  
  第二十七条本规定自2008年4月1日起施行。



英文译本:


Decree No 167 of the People’s Government of Jiangxi Province


Administrative Measures of Jiangxi Province for Assisting Vagrants and Beggars with No Means of Support in Cities, adopted at the 1st Executive Meeting of the People’s Government of Jiangxi Province on February 23, 2008, are hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of April 1, 2008.


Governor: Wu Xinxiong

March 22, 2008


Administrative Measures of Jiangxi Province for
Assisting Vagrants and Beggars with No Means of Support in Cities


Article 1. In order to efficiently administrate the work for assisting vagrants and beggars with no means of support in cities, guarantee their basic living rights and interests and improve the social assistance systems, these Measures are enacted with a full consideration of the realities of the province and in accordance with Measures for Assisting Vagrants and Beggars with no Means of Support in Cities promulgated by the State Council.

Article 2. Vagrants and beggars with no means of support in cities (hereafter called “vagrants and beggars”) as stipulated in these Measures refer to the persons who cannot afford board and lodging themselves, have no relatives or friends to depend on, and are roaming about and begging in the cities every day.
Those who do not comply with the stipulations specified in the proceeding paragraph are not objects of the assistance despite their roaming and begging acts.

Article 3. The government at county level or above shall strengthen its leadership over the work for assisting vagrants and beggars, establishing and improving the coordination mechanism for the assistance work, taking effective measures to assist vagrants and beggars in time according to law, and incorporate the assistance funds into the fiscal budget to ensure that the assistance work gets financial allocations.
The government encourages and supports any social organization or individual to provide assistance to vagrants and beggars. Any social organization or individual that has donated properties to such assistance shall be entitled to preferential treatment in taxation.

Article 4. The municipal people’s government at county level or above shall establish assistance station for vagrants and beggars and set up special living areas for minor vagrants and beggars within the assistance station according to the actual needs. When conditions permit, organizations for assistance and protection of minor vagrants can be established. In a city where no such assistance station has been established yet, it is necessary to hold some staff members responsible for the assistance work.
The assistance station shall be conveniently located, accessible and far from dangerous areas. Besides, the assistance station shall be provided with necessary facilities, equipment and staff members for the assistance work.

Article 5. The assistances offered by an assistance station to vagrants and beggars are merely temporary social ones, which should be offered on a voluntary and free-of-charge basis. However, the assistance station shall take the initiative to assist vagrants and beggars with no capacity or with limited capacity for civil conduct.

Article 6. Civil affairs department of the people’s government at county level or above shall be responsible for the work of assisting vagrants and beggars within its administrative region. The civil affairs department of the people’s government that has established an assistance station shall perform the following duties:
(1) Guide and supervise the assistance station in its implementation of the laws, regulations, rules and policies concerning the assistance work;
(2) Offer the necessary education and training to the staff members of the assistance station;
(3) Investigate the assistance station or its staff members involved in violation of laws and disciplines, and settle the problems properly;
(4) Coordinate the assistance station with other organs and departments concerned, and help them solve the difficulties and problems encountered in practical assistance work;
(5) Perform other duties in accordance with law.

Article 7. The departments concerned of the people’s government at county level or above shall perform their respective duties in assisting vagrants and beggars according to the provisions specified below:
(1) The public security, urban management or other administrative department, if finding any vagrants and beggars, shall be obliged to inform them that they can ask for assistance in the local assistance station. As for the disabled, the minor or the aged vagrants and beggars or other such persons with difficulties in mobility, the staff members from these departments shall instruct or accompany them to the assistance station. In case the vagrants and beggars are patients in critical conditions or with mental diseases, the staff members from these departments shall send them to the medical organization specially designated by the local civil affairs department or inform the local first-aid center to immediately send them to the designated medical organization for medical treatment and meanwhile notify the local civil affairs department or assistance station of what has happened. Any person who continually pesters or forcibly begs from another person or begs by other irritating means shall be educated and persuaded to stop doing so by the public security department.
(2) The financial department shall be responsible for realizing financial allocations for assisting vagrants and beggars, make appropriate adjustments to the allocated funds with a full consideration of the actual need of the assistance in the corresponding year, while supervising whether the assistance funds were spent in accordance with law.
(3) The public health department shall designate some medical organizations to provide medical treatment services for vagrants and beggars, and give the organizations specific guidance for efficient implementation of the assistance work.
(4) The transportation or railway department shall give every possible aid to the assistance station or the civil affairs department for buying bus, train or ship tickets for the vagrants and beggars as well as sending them aboard and helping them get off a train, ship or plane.
(5) The development & reform, education, labor & social security, judicial administration departments, disabled persons’ federation as well as the relevant departments and units shall well perform their respective duties in connection with the assistance work.

Article 8. If the staff members in urban sub-district office or community residents’ committee have found any vagrant or beggar within the area under their jurisdiction, they shall tell the vagrant or beggar to ask for assistance in the local assistance station or take him/her to the station for assistance.

Article 9. Departments responsible for the administration of public places such as wharves, railway and bus stations, where there are usually more vagrants and beggars, shall give the local assistance station some necessary aids while setting up road signs to show the location and telephone number of the assistance station. The assistance station which has made public its telephone number shall assign special staff members to answer the telephone 24 hours a day.

Article 10. When asking for assistance from an assistance station, a vagrant or beggar shall faithfully provide his/her information as follows:
(1) Name, age, place of registered permanent residence, and domicile;
(2) The reason for, time and course of ,vagrancy and begging;
(3) Names, addresses, and contact methods of his/her near relatives and other relatives with close relationship;
(4) The articles he/she carries along.
If the vagrant or beggar asking for assistance is unable to provide his/her personal information since he/she is too old, too young or disabled, the assistance station shall render assistance first before finding the relevant information.
Also no assistance will be rendered to those who refuse to provide their personal information or don’t provide their personal information faithfully.

Article 11. The assistance station shall tell the vagrant or beggar asking for assistance about the scope of assisted objects and the contents of the assistance offered, and shall inquire about the information relating to the assistance needs and register the personal information of that vagrant or beggar.
If the person asking for assistance is found qualified for the assistance, he/she shall go through the formalities for acceptance by the station. The articles he/she carries along, except the living necessities, shall be kept by the station, and returned to him/her when he/she leaves the station. The explosive, poisonous, radioactive, corrosive and other dangerous articles as well as implements under control and forbidden publications that the person asking for assistance carries along shall be immediately handed over to the departments concerned for proper disposal.
If the person asking for assistance is found unqualified for it, the station will render no assistance to him/her, and meanwhile give the reasons and issue a Notice for Not Offering Assistance.

Article 12. The assistance station shall provide the following assistances according to the needs of the assisted persons:
(1) Providing food in conformity with the requirements on food hygiene;
(2) Providing a lodging place that meets the basic safety and sanitary conditions;
(3) Sending him/her to the designated medical organization for treatment in case the assisted person suddenly suffers from acute disease in the assistance station;
(4) Contacting the assisted person’s relatives or workplace;
(5) Providing him/her with a ticket or its equivalent for taking bus, train or ship in case the assisted person has no money to pay the traveling expenses for return to his/her domicile or workplace;
The assistance station shall provide the assisted persons with lodging places according to their sexes. If the assisted persons are the aged or children, they shall be arranged to live separately from other assisted persons, and each of them shall be provided with a separate bed. If the assisted persons are female, they shall be managed by female staff members.
If the assisted persons are the disabled, the minors, the aged or pregnant women, they shall be specially taken care of and protected in their daily lives.

Article 13. The assistance station shall determine the period of assistance according to the situation of an assisted person, and generally the period shall not exceed 10 days. However, under any of the following circumstances, the period may be extended if the extension has been reported for the record to the competent authority for civil affairs:
(1) The assisted person is waiting to be taken home by his/her relatives, staff members from his/her workplace, or staff members from the civil affairs department or assistance station in his/her registered permanent residence.
(2) The assisted person is receiving medical treatment.
(3) The assisted person is waiting for settlement.

Article 14. The assisted person shall follow the management rules of the assistance station and obey the staff members’ management. He or she shall not commit any of the following acts:
(1) Beat or scold the staff members of the assistance station or other assisted persons, make trouble out of nothing, or disturb the order of the assistance work;
(2) Damage the assisting facilities or equipment, or damage or steal public or personal properties;
(3) Carry or conceal any explosive, poisonous, radioactive, corrosive and other dangerous articles including controlled implements and forbidden publications;
(4) Indulge in excessive drinking, take addictive drugs or engage in gambling and other illegal or criminal activities;
(5) Commit other acts prohibited by laws, regulations and rules;
If an assisted person commits any of the acts mentioned above, the staff members in the assistance station shall stop him/her in time. In case the assisted person commits any acts in violation of the security administration regulations or is suspected of having committed a crime, the assistance station shall immediately report to the public security department for handling according to law.

Article 15. An assistance station shall, according to the situation of the assisted person, properly settle him/her down in the following ways:
(1) If the assisted person can return by himself/herself, the assistance station shall issue him/her a certificate or ticket-equivalent for taking a train, bus or ship.
(2) With respect to an assisted person who is disabled, a minor, an aged person or has difficulties in mobility, the assistance station shall notify his/her relatives or workplace to take him/her back. Where the relatives or workplace refuse to do so, if the assisted person is within the province, the civil affairs department of the place where the assisted person is currently roaming around shall notify the corresponding department of the place from which the assisted person has departed, of taking the person back to his/her relatives or workplace; if the assisted person is transprovincial, the civil affairs department of the province he or she is currently roaming around shall notify the corresponding department of the province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government) which the assisted person has departed from, of taking the person back to his/her relatives or workplace.
(3) With respect to an assisted person who is disabled, a minor, an aged person or has difficulties in mobility, and whose relatives or workplace can’t be found, but whose place of registered permanent residence or domicile can be ascertained, if the assisted person is within the province, the civil affairs department of the place where the assisted person is currently roaming around shall notify the corresponding department of the place from which the assisted person has departed, of taking the person back to his/her registered permanent residence or domicile for settlement; if the assisted person is transprovincial, the provincial civil affairs department shall notify the corresponding department of the province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government) from which the assisted person has departed, of taking the person back to his/her registered permanent residence or domicile for settlement.
(4) With respect to an assisted person who is too old, too young, or disabled, and is unable to cognize his/her acts or to express himself/herself, and therefore neither his/her relatives nor workplace nor his/her registered permanent residence or domicile can be verified, the competent authority for civil affairs of the assistance station shall put forward a settlement scheme and report to the people’s government at the corresponding level for approval or the settlement.

Article 16. The assistance station shall terminate its assistance to the assisted person under any of the following circumstances;
(1) The assisted person is found to have intentionally provided false personal information to cheat the station out of assistance.
(2) The assisted person has violated the provisions as stipulated in Section (1), Article 14 of these Measures and seriously disturbed the administrative order of the assistance station.
(3) The assistance station has properly settled down the assisted person according to the provisions in preceding paragraphs.
(4) The assisted person would not leave the assistance station without justified reasons after expiration of the period of assistance.
(5) Under the circumstance the assistance should be terminated if it is so required by relevant laws, regulations and rules.
When the assistance station terminates its assistance to the assisted person in accordance with law, it shall give the reasons, issue a Notice for Termination of Assistance, and go through the formalities for the departure of the assisted person from the station.

Article 17. Where an assisted person waives the assistance of his/her own accord and leaves the assistance station, he/she shall notify the assistance station of the waiver in advance, and the station may not restrict that assisted person.
Where an assisted person with no capacity or with limited capacity for civil conduct is to leave the assistance station, he/she must first obtain the consent of the assistance station.
An assisted person leaving the assistance station without notification shall be regarded as waiving the assistance.

Article 18. In the event that an assisted person dies during the valid period of the assistance, the assistance station shall promptly report such death to the local public security department, and the judicial identification organization or medical organization will issue a death certificate and notify his/her relatives or workplace of the death in time. If the true information related to the dead is not available, the assistance station shall promptly report it to the competent authority for civil affairs, and the latter ought properly to settle the problems arising thereafter according to the administrative regulations on funeral and interment.

Article 19. The people’s government at the township or county level of the place where the assisted person’s registered permanent residence or domicile exists, shall take measures to help the returned assisted person to solve the difficulties in production and living, and refrain him/her from roaming and begging elsewhere again; and the government shall appropriately settle the disabled, the minors and the aged that are really homeless.
The near relatives or other guardians of the assisted person who is disabled, a minor or an aged person, should perform the obligations of support and maintenance; with respect to the near relatives or other guardians that abandoned the disabled, minors or the aged, the above-mentioned government should educate and persuade them to perform the obligations of support and maintenance.
Article 20. The assistance station shall establish and perfect its various management systems such as post responsibility system, safety responsibility system and conduct codes for staff members. Furthermore, it shall carry out standardized administration and strictly implement the regulations for financial management and donation.
The assistance station shall organize its staff members to take part in various work-related trainings and take physical examinations on a regular basis.

Article 21. The assistance station shall keep a faithful record the assisted persons’ information including their acceptance by the station; departure from the station and the assistance provided, etc., and shall build up assistance achieves and take good care of them. If conditions permit, information-technology may be adopted in management of the assistance archives.

Article 22. The assistance station shall establish and perfect its mechanisms for cooperation with the public security department, urban management department, designated medical organization as well as other departments and units concerned. Meanwhile it shall intensify its efforts in exchange and share of the assistance information with departments concerned, and establish assistance information network system.
Besides, the assistance station is required to establish the mechanism to cope with various emergent accidents, such as food poisoning accident, group accident or fire accident. Preliminary programs for rapid response to such emergent accidents shall be worked out, and exercises be organized on a regular basis.

Article 23. The staff members in the assistance station should be competent enough to undertake various assistance tasks. Moreover, they should enhance their legal awareness and service awareness, and consciously abide by the following provisions:
(1) Not to detain any assisted person or do so in a disguised form;
(2) Not to beat, scold, physically punish or maltreat any assisted person;
(3) Not to extort, blackmail or misappropriate any property of the assisted person;
(4) Not to embezzle the living supplies of any assisted person’;
(5) Not to withhold the certificate, complaint or accusation materials of any assisted person;
(6) Not to appoint any assisted person to assume any administration work;
(7) Not to use any assisted person to do private work for themselves;
(8) Not to drink wine during work time;
(9) Not to take liberties with any woman;
Any staff member who violates the provisions mentioned above shall be given sanctions; in case that a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Article 24. The assistance station shall put a box for complaints at the eye-catching place and make public the complaint telephone number of the competent authority for civil affairs so as to accept social supervision.
Where an assistance station fails to perform its assistance duties according to law, the person asking for assistance may disclose and report it to the competent authority for civil affairs. The competent authority for civil affairs shall, after verifying the case, order that assistance station to provide assistance in time, and give sanctions to the personnel in charge held directly liable and other directly liable personnel.

Article 25. If the competent authority for civil affairs fails to accept the report from the person asking for assistance in time, fails to order the assistance station to perform its duties in time, or fails to refer to the local people’s government the matter of settling the assisted person who should be settled, the personnel in charge held directly liable and other directly liable personnel shall be given sanctions according to law.

Article 26. Whoever coerces or induces someone to beg, or continually pesters or forcibly begs from him or her or begs by other irritating means is in violation of the security administration regulations; he/she shall be penalized by the public security department according to law on violation of security administration regulations. Whoever organizes the disabled or a minor under the age of fourteen to beg by means of violence or coercion shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Article 27. These measures shall go into effect as of April 1, 2008.


论共同过失犯罪
摘要:共同过失犯罪是否成立共同犯罪,在我国刑法理论界和司法界存在着较大争议。我国刑法明文规定:“共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。二人以上共同过失犯罪,不以共同犯罪论处;应当负刑事责任的,按照他们所犯的罪分别处罚。”这说明我们刑法承认共同过失犯罪的存在,只是不按共同犯罪处罚。本文以共同过失犯罪的理论纷争为背景,从理论和实践的角度阐述了共同过失犯罪成立的现实意义,并以此为基础,论述了共同过失犯罪的概念、构成要件、及其成立范围,为完善我国立法提供建议。
关键词:共同过失犯罪 构成要件 过失教唆犯 过失帮助犯


我国现行刑法第25条规定:“共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。二人以上共同过失犯罪,不以共同犯罪论处;应当负刑事责任的,按照他们所犯的罪分别处罚。”基于这一规定,我国刑法理论界形成了一种通行的观点,即共同犯罪就是共同故意犯罪,共同过失犯罪不成立共同犯罪,而是过失的同时犯,按照同时犯的处罚原则分别追究刑事责任。然而,刑法的排斥并不能否认共同过失犯罪的存在。随着经济的发展、社会环境的变化,现实生活中共同犯罪的现象日益增加,这客观上促使法学界更加审视对待这一问题,许多学者开始质疑“共同过失犯罪不成立共同犯罪”这一通说,并提出应将共同过失犯罪作为共同犯罪来定罪量刑。
一.共同过失犯罪的理论纷争
关于共同过失犯罪是否成立共同犯罪,刑法理论界与司法界存有颇多争议,目前主要有三种不同的观点学说。
(一)肯定说
该学说以行为共同说为理论基础,认为共同犯罪是“共同实行行为”,是以行为的共同为限。故共同犯罪的成立,在主观上只要有实行自然行为的共同意思即可,不必都具有共同犯罪的意思,更无须具有共同故意的必要。因此,过失并不影响共同犯罪的成立,共同过失犯罪是可以成立共同犯罪的。对于共同过失行为人来讲,只要主观上有实行自然行为之共同故意,且客观上具有共同行为就足以构成共同犯罪。
(二)否定说
持否定说的学者以“犯罪共同说”为理论基础,主张共同犯罪是指两个以上具有刑事责任能力的人共同参与一种犯罪,需要行为人有对构成要件行为、结果之认识以及对这种结果的希望或放任等故意的共同要素。犯罪共同说强调须有共同实行特定犯罪的意思,因而必须对构成要件的结果有认识、容忍等共同的故意。从这个角度来说,共同犯罪以故意犯罪为限且仅于故意范围内成立。无故意的过失犯,即便对共同所为的自然行为有意思联络,也不能成立共同犯罪。
(三)限制肯定说
该学说的学者认为共同过失犯罪能够成立共同犯罪,但是仅仅是在特殊的场合才能够成立过失犯的共犯,即行为人之间必须具有共同的注意义务。如日本学者大冢仁认为:“在进行适应犯罪论体系的考察时,就可以看出其(过失犯)成立共同正犯的余地……从实质上看必须存在着二人以上者共同进行了包含着发生属于某犯罪要素的一定结果的高度危险性的行为,而且在法律处理它时,可以课于各个共同行为人共同的防止结果的注意义务……只限于共同行为人具有共同注意义务并且存在共同的违反时,才能认为成立过失犯的共同正犯。”
笔者支持限制肯定说,即共同过失犯罪应当成立共同犯罪,但只限于在法律对各共同行为人规定有一定注意义务,而各行为人因为违反了这种义务造成严重损害结果时才成立过失的共同犯罪。
二.共同过失犯罪成立的依据
跟据我国刑法第25条规定可知,我国刑法已经认可了共同过失犯罪的存在,只不过不将其作为共同犯罪处理。但在我国最高人民法院制定的《关于审理交通肇事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》中却承认了交通肇事这种典型的过失犯罪可以构成共同犯罪。该解释第5条第2款规定:“交通肇事后,单位主管人员、机动车辆所有人、承包人或者乘车人指使肇事人逃逸,致使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的,以交通肇事罪的共犯论处。”这是我国现行司法解释中首次出现的关于共同过失行为也可以构成共同犯罪的规定。这一规定与我国《刑法》第25条的规定,明显的存在着立法上的矛盾。因此,我国刑法将共同过失犯罪纳入共同犯罪的范围是完全有必要,也是有充分理由的。
(一)承认共同过失犯罪是我国社会发展的现实需要
随着我国经济的迅速发展,社会生产力大大提高,社会分工也越来越复杂、精细,专业性、协作性强以及危险性高的工作也越来越多。故有必要保障这些危险行业在创造财富时尽可能的避免危险的出现,所以,对从业者的注意义务也要求更加严格。否则一旦出现没有尽到应尽的注意义务时,其产生的社会危害往往是巨大的。为了避免从业人员过失的出现,除有关行业制定内部规则外,还需制定具有强制力和威慑力的刑法规范,只有这样才能避免社会危险的发生。
此外,值得注意的是,在中外法制史上,法律的规定与修改总是随着社会的发展而进行的。以日本为例,其在二战后的司法实践中已经有了对共同过失犯罪作为共同犯罪的判例,且至今也不乏其例。而二战以后正是日本经济飞速发展时期,经济科技的发展,促使了社会上各种专业性强、危险性高的工作的出现,进而也发生了很多由于共同过失行为引起危害结果的现象。 目前我国也处在此种经济高速发展的时期,因此也应该在立法上对共同过失犯罪的处理予以正确规定,将其纳入共同犯罪之范畴,从而有效地防止社会危险的发生。
(二)承认共同过失犯罪有利于为司法实践提供理论支持
如前所述,我国刑法不承认共同过失犯罪属于共同犯罪。但在最高人民法院《关于审理交通肇事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》中却承认了交通肇事这种过失性犯罪在某些情况下可以构成共同犯罪。这是我国现行刑事立法和解释中第一次出现过失犯罪可以成立共同犯罪的规定,它无疑为我国的刑事改革的发展树立了一个先驱。
此外,在我国现有的审判实践中也存在按共同犯罪的原则处理共同过失犯罪的情形。例如,重庆市九龙区人民法院以及重庆市中级人民法院审理雷某与孔某过失致人死亡的案例:雷某与孔某两人相约在一阳台上,选中离阳台8.5米左右处一个树干上的废瓷瓶为目标比赛枪法(共用一支JW-20型半自动步枪)。两人轮流各射击子弹3发,均未打中,但其中一发子弹穿过树林,飞向离阳台100余米附近,将行人龙某打死。虽然不能查明击中被害人的子弹由谁所发,但重庆市九龙区人民法院以及重庆市中级人民法院均认定两被告构成过失犯罪,分别判处4年有期徒刑。该案实际上是按照共同犯罪的原则,即部分行为全部责任原则来处理的。可见,虽然在刑法中否认了共同过失犯罪,但在司法实践中却有作为共同过失犯罪处理的情形。如果否认了共同过失犯罪,那么该案的处罚就是扩大了处罚范围而不正确的。因此,承认共同过失犯罪有利于为现实生活中的实践提供理论支持。
(三)承认共同过失犯罪有利于客观上避免处罚的不均衡
对于因数人的共同过失而出现的犯罪,在对各行为人追究刑事责任时,如果只按照一个过失去处理,那么可能会造成处罚的不均衡。例如,锅炉工甲负有观察和调整锅炉温度的义务,乙负有监督的义务,当甲错误的调整了锅炉的温度时,乙没有对其进行监督,最终导致锅炉爆炸。在这种情况下,如果不承认甲乙构成共同犯罪,那么只对甲苛处过失犯罪的刑罚,而对乙不进行处罚时,显然是放纵了乙的过失行为;如果对两个人分别以过失犯罪论处,那么没有实行行为的乙为什么要与甲承担相同的责任呢? 正因为这些矛盾的存在,需要我们承认共同过失犯罪,从而在司法实践中对各个责任人进行平衡的责任追究。
三.共同过失犯罪的概念和构成要件
共同过失犯罪,是指二人以上负有法律或业务上的共同注意义务,由于全体行为人的共同不注意,共同实施了违反共同注意义务的行为,造成同一危害结果发生的一种共同犯罪形态。
据上述定义,笔者认为共同过失犯罪的构成要件应具备以下几方面:
1. 犯罪主体必须是二人以上
共同过失犯罪的主体应与刑法所规定的共同犯罪的主体相同,即二人以上达到刑事责任年龄并具有刑事责任能力的人。在法律有明文规定的情形下,单位也可以构成共同过失犯罪。当二个以上的单位各自违反不同的注意义务所实施的不同过失行为共同导致同一危害结果发生的就构成共同过失犯罪。此外,达到刑事责任年龄并具有刑事责任能力的自然人与单位之间也可构成共同过失犯罪。
2.犯罪主观方面表现为过失
此处的过失并非指行为人在主观上没有预见或没有认识,而特指具有共同注意义务的行为人,怠于履行或未履行其应有的注意义务或监督义务,从而造成同一危害后果的发生。也就是说,共同过失犯罪的本质在于行为人违反了注意义务。
应当注意的是,共同过失犯罪中共同注意义务的来源主要有四个方面:一是法律、法规中规定的共同注意义务,如:抚养赡养义务、维护国家安全的义务等。二是职业、业务要求的应负有的注意义务,即根据职务和业务的性质、社会效益及其危险性,规定各种作为和不作为义务,要求从事该特定职务、业务的人遵守,以防止危害结果发生的义务。如甲、乙系某海滨浴场的救护员,某日,甲、乙均在上班期间擅离岗位,未能履行救护职责,致使一游泳者在无人救护的情况下溺水身亡。本案中,甲、乙均系违背了职务、业务所要求的共同注意义务,构成共同过失致人死亡的犯罪。三是社会道德与习惯要求的注意义务。四是先行行为产生的共同注意义务。先行行为是指因行为人的行为使某种合法权益处于遭受损害的危险境地时,行为人有义务采取积极的行动避免合法权益遭受损失。由于先行行为而产生的共同注意义务的情况,在实践中并不鲜见。例如,农民夫妻张某、李某在自家屋后挖坑取土筑路,但未在坑上设置任何标志或保护性设施。某晚,甲不慎跌入坑中,头触尖石而死。本案中张某、李某即违反了由先行行为产生的注意义务,对甲之死负有共同过失责任。
3. 共同过失犯罪的客观要件
共同过失犯罪的客观方面表现为行为人各自实施了违反注意义务的行为并共同导致了危害结果的发生。首先,行为人都违反了各自所负有的注意义务或监督义务。其次,行为人都实施了过失行为,这里的行为包括作为和不作为。再次,行为人的不同过失行为必须造成一定的危害社会的结果。共同过失犯罪具有过失犯罪的共性,即作为结果犯,其成立必须要求发生危害社会的结果。如果只存在共同过失行为,而客观上没有造成严重危害社会的结果,不构成共同过失犯罪。最后,过失行为与危害结果之间应存在因果关系。在共同过失犯罪的场合,是行为人各自的过失行为共同导致了危害结果的发生,这就要求行为人各自的过失行为与危害结果间应都具有因果关系。从其表现上看,共同过失犯罪中,先出现的过失行为没有直接导致危害结果的发生,而是导致某种危险状态的产生,当后出现的过失行为恰巧与之相结合时,这种危险状态就会持续下去最终导致危害结果的产生。由此可知,共同过失犯罪中每一个过失行为都是危害结果的一个原因,属于刑法上的多因一果,缺乏任意一者,危害结果就不会发生。
四.共同过失犯罪成立的范围
在我国刑法理论界中,肯定共同过失犯罪成立共同犯罪的学者在共同过失犯罪的成立范围上亦存在争议,其争议的焦点在于过失教唆犯和过失帮助犯是否成立共同过失犯罪。笔者认为共同过失犯罪只能限定于过失的共同实行犯,即过失的共同正犯的范围内。对于过失教唆犯和过失帮助犯不能成立共同过失犯罪。
(一)过失的共同正犯
过失的共同实行犯是指二人以上的过失实行行为共同构成过失犯罪的情况。在二个以上的行为人都被赋予了共同注意义务的场合,对于违反该客观的注意义务的行为,可以认定其主观上具有共同实施的意思,客观上具有共同实行行为,因此,认为过失的共同正犯可以成立共同过失犯罪。例如,甲乙二人共同从楼顶将物体推下楼去,因疏忽而致路人丙被砸死,在此案中,甲乙二人高楼推物之行为,皆出于疏忽大意的过失,且造成了路人的丙的死亡结果。则甲乙就属于过失的共同实行犯,二人应当对丙的死亡承担共同过失致人死亡的刑事责任。
(二)过失教唆犯
过失教唆犯是指过失地使他人实施犯罪的行为人。由此可见,过失教唆犯罪可以分为两种,一是过失地使他人故意实施犯罪的行为人。二是过失地使他人实施过失犯罪的行为人。由于我们主要讨论共同过失犯罪,所以这里我们只讨论后者。笔者认为在此情形下不成立共同过失犯罪,其原因主要表现在两个方面:首先,从语言学的角度讲,教唆一词显然只能是在故意的心理状态的支配下所实施的一种行为,是有意地使他人去实施犯罪。其次,从教唆者方面而言,是明知自己的行为会引起他人实施犯罪,而希望或者放任其发生,故教唆只能由故意构成;就被教唆者来说,只有在他人的唆使下故意地去实施犯罪,才谈得上被教唆。因此,过失教唆犯不能成立共同过失犯罪。
(三)过失帮助犯
过失帮助犯是指过失地帮助他人犯罪的行为人。其也可分为以下两种情形:一是过失地帮助他人实施故意犯罪;二是过失地帮助他人实施过失犯罪。同样,这里我们只讨论第二种情形。笔者认为此种情形下亦不成立共同过失犯罪。就帮助犯与教唆犯的基本区别而言,教唆犯引起他人犯意,帮助犯则是在他人产生犯意后对其实施犯罪予以帮助。但在过失犯罪的情况下,行为人不存在产生犯意的问题,因此也就不存在帮助过失犯的问题。此外,帮助犯的帮助行为是为实行犯的实行行为而存在的,故帮助犯的帮助行为必须以故意为基点,是一种故意行为,不存在过失帮助。
五.对我国刑法的立法建议
我国现行刑法不承认共同犯罪包括共同过失犯罪,但在司法解释中又规定了交通肇事罪这种过失性犯罪可成立共犯,此种立法上的矛盾是亟待解决的。在我国司法实践活动中,共同过失犯罪是现实存在的,且无论从理论上还是从立法上,都有确立共同过失犯罪为共同犯罪之必要。此外,目前我国高速发展的社会现实也迫切需要刑法对因为行为人违反共同注意义务而造成严重损害结果的行为予以制裁。为此,我国刑法应当根据司法实践的发展及时的确立共同过失犯罪的地位,从立法层面上扩大共同犯罪的范围,这从根本上体现了刑法防卫社会的功能,符合刑法罪责刑相适应的原则。也有利于我国刑法实现在立法上与司法解释相互统一,进一步完善我国有关共同犯罪的制度规定。
综上所述,笔者建议对我国刑法第25条关于共同犯罪的规定作如下的修改:
第25条 共同犯罪包括共同故意犯罪和共同过失犯罪。
共同犯罪是指:二人以上共同实行犯罪的行为,共同故意犯罪是指两人以共同故意参与犯罪。共同过失犯罪是指二个以上的行为人由于共同过失而导致某种危害结果发生,依法应负刑事责任的行为。共同犯罪的,应共同承担刑事责任。
二人以上没有意思联络而只是同时实施犯罪,并造成严重危害结果的,不成立共同犯罪,按照他们所犯的罪行分别处罚。